Python摄像头换脸，现实版“易容术”重现江湖-

环境与效果

python3.9.6
pycharm 2021

库环境：

dlib
opencv-python

视频图片效果如下：

基本原理

使用dlib的shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat模型获取一张有正脸的图片(1.png)和摄像头的自己的68个人脸特征点。

根据人脸特征点获取分别获取人脸掩模

对第一个图片仿射变换使其脸部对准摄像头图片中的脸部得到新的图片

对人脸掩模执行相同的操作仿射

将两个性的得到图取并集（不能让别的地方空了）

用opencv对两上面操作，对仿射变换后的a图片和摄像头图片进行泊松融合

完整源码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import cv2
import dlib
import numpy as np
detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector() # dlib的正向人脸检测器
predictor = dlib.shape_predictor(r'shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat') # dlib的人脸形状检测器
def get_image_size(image):
"""
获取图片大小（高度,宽度）
:param image: image
:return: （高度,宽度）
"""
image_size = (image.shape[0], image.shape[1])
return image_size
def get_face_landmarks(image, face_detector, shape_predictor):
"""
获取人脸标志，68个特征点
:param image: image
:param face_detector: dlib.get_frontal_face_detector
:param shape_predictor: dlib.shape_predictor
:return: np.array([[],[]]), 68个特征点
"""
dets = face_detector(image, 1)
shape = shape_predictor(image, dets[0])
face_landmarks = np.array([[p.x, p.y] for p in shape.parts()])
return face_landmarks
def get_face_mask(image_size, face_landmarks):
"""
获取人脸掩模
:param image_size: 图片大小
:param face_landmarks: 68个特征点
:return: image_mask, 掩模图片
"""
mask = np.zeros(image_size, dtype=np.uint8)
points = np.concatenate([face_landmarks[0:16], face_landmarks[26:17:-1]])
cv2.fillPoly(img=mask, pts=[points], color=255)
return mask
def get_affine_image(image1, image2, face_landmarks1, face_landmarks2):
"""
获取图片1仿射变换后的图片
:param image1: 图片1, 要进行仿射变换的图片
:param image2: 图片2, 只要用来获取图片大小，生成与之大小相同的仿射变换图片
:param face_landmarks1: 图片1的人脸特征点
:param face_landmarks2: 图片2的人脸特征点
:return: 仿射变换后的图片
"""
three_points_index = [18, 8, 25]
M = cv2.getAffineTransform(face_landmarks1[three_points_index].astype(np.float32),
face_landmarks2[three_points_index].astype(np.float32))
dsize = (image2.shape[1], image2.shape[0])
affine_image = cv2.warpAffine(image1, M, dsize)
return affine_image.astype(np.uint8)
def get_mask_center_point(image_mask):
"""
获取掩模的中心点坐标
:param image_mask: 掩模图片
:return: 掩模中心
"""
image_mask_index = np.argwhere(image_mask > 0)
miny, minx = np.min(image_mask_index, axis=0)
maxy, maxx = np.max(image_mask_index, axis=0)
center_point = ((maxx + minx) // 2, (maxy + miny) // 2)
return center_point
def get_mask_union(mask1, mask2):
"""
获取两个掩模掩盖部分的并集
:param mask1: mask_image, 掩模1
:param mask2: mask_image, 掩模2
:return: 两个掩模掩盖部分的并集
"""
mask = np.min([mask1, mask2], axis=0) # 掩盖部分并集
mask = ((cv2.blur(mask, (5, 5)) == 255) * 255).astype(np.uint8) # 缩小掩模大小
mask = cv2.blur(mask, (3, 3)).astype(np.uint8) # 模糊掩模
return mask
def skin_color_adjustment(im1, im2, mask=None):
"""
肤色调整
:param im1: 图片1
:param im2: 图片2
:param mask: 人脸 mask. 如果存在，使用人脸部分均值来求肤色变换系数；否则，使用高斯模糊来求肤色变换系数
:return: 根据图片2的颜色调整的图片1
"""
if mask is None:
im1_ksize = 55
im2_ksize = 55
im1_factor = cv2.GaussianBlur(im1, (im1_ksize, im1_ksize), 0).astype(np.float)
im2_factor = cv2.GaussianBlur(im2, (im2_ksize, im2_ksize), 0).astype(np.float)
else:
im1_face_image = cv2.bitwise_and(im1, im1, mask=mask)
im2_face_image = cv2.bitwise_and(im2, im2, mask=mask)
im1_factor = np.mean(im1_face_image, axis=(0, 1))
im2_factor = np.mean(im2_face_image, axis=(0, 1))
im1 = np.clip((im1.astype(np.float) * im2_factor / np.clip(im1_factor, 1e-6, None)), 0, 255).astype(np.uint8)
return im1
def main():
im1 = cv2.imread('1.png') # face_image
im1 = cv2.resize(im1, (600, im1.shape[0] * 600 // im1.shape[1]))
landmarks1 = get_face_landmarks(im1, detector, predictor) # 68_face_landmarks
if landmarks1 is None:
print('{}:检测不到人脸'.format(image_face_path))
exit(1)
im1_size = get_image_size(im1) # 脸图大小
im1_mask = get_face_mask(im1_size, landmarks1) # 脸图人脸掩模
cam = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while True:
ret_val, im2 = cam.read() # camera_image
landmarks2 = get_face_landmarks(im2, detector, predictor) # 68_face_landmarks
if landmarks2 is not None:
im2_size = get_image_size(im2) # 摄像头图片大小
im2_mask = get_face_mask(im2_size, landmarks2) # 摄像头图片人脸掩模
affine_im1 = get_affine_image(im1, im2, landmarks1, landmarks2) # im1（脸图）仿射变换后的图片
affine_im1_mask = get_affine_image(im1_mask, im2, landmarks1, landmarks2) # im1（脸图）仿射变换后的图片的人脸掩模
union_mask = get_mask_union(im2_mask, affine_im1_mask) # 掩模合并
affine_im1 = skin_color_adjustment(affine_im1, im2, mask=union_mask) # 肤色调整
point = get_mask_center_point(affine_im1_mask) # im1（脸图）仿射变换后的图片的人脸掩模的中心点
seamless_im = cv2.seamlessClone(affine_im1, im2, mask=union_mask, p=point, flags=cv2.NORMAL_CLONE) # 进行泊松融合
cv2.imshow('seamless_im', seamless_im)
else:
cv2.imshow('seamless_im', im2)
if cv2.waitKey(1) == 27: # 按Esc退出
break
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()