2022高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit3 Art and architecture

XX高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳unit3 art and architecture
 自助式复习板块
 知识搜索
a. 单词
 1.(总称)建筑物；建筑业；建筑风格      ( n .)________________
 2.偏爱；喜好；优先         ( n .) ________________
 3.(总称)家具           ( n .) ________________
 4.爱好；鉴赏力；味觉         ( n .) ________________
 5.大建筑物；街区；大块        ( n .) ________________
 6.房间；一套公寓          ( n .) ________________
 7.风格；式样；文体         ( n .) ________________
 8.走廊；段落           ( n .) ________________
 9.钢             ( n .) ________________
 10.阳台            ( n .) ________________
 11.(有看台的)体育场         ( n .) ________________
 12.结构；构造；建筑物        ( n .) ________________
 13.设计；计划          ( v .) ________________
 14.建造；建设          ( v .) ________________
 15.铭刻；给……极深的印象；使感动     ( v .) ________________
 16.创造            ( v .) ________________
 17.属于；是……的成员        ( v .) ________________
 18.租用；出租          ( v .) ________________
 19.忍受；接受；承担         ( v .) ________________
 20.现代的；时髦的         ( adj. ) _______________
 21.方便的           ( adj. ) _______________
 22.具体的；有形的；实在的       ( adj. ) _______________
 23.不友好的；有敌意的        ( adj. ) _______________
 24.想像出来的；奇异的；荒诞的      ( adj. ) _______________
 25.丑陋的；难看的         ( adj. ) _______________
 26.不自然的；不正常的；出乎意料的     ( adj. ) _______________
 27.在旁边；在一边         ( adv. ) ______________
 28.不管；不顾；任凭         ( prep .) ______________
 答案：1.architecture　2.preference　3.furniture　4.taste　5.block　6.apartment　7.style　
 8.passage　9.steel　10.balcony 11.stadium 12.structure　13.design  14.construct 　
 15.impress　16. create 17.belong 18.rent　19.stand　20.modern　21.convenient　
 22. concrete  23.unfriendly 24.fantastic　25.ugly 26.unnatural 27.aside　
 28. despite
b. 短语
 29.用……装满 ________ _______ ______
 30.属于；是……的成员 _______ _______
 31.把……置于一旁；留出；拨出 ________ _________
 32.一栋公寓 ________ _______ ________ _________
 33.以不同的风格 ________ _______ _______
 34.违背了人们的审美观 ______ ________ people’s feeling of beauty
 35.在材料的选择上 _______ ________ ________ of materials
 36.更接近自然 _______ much ________ _______nature
 37.798厂的新生 ________ _______ ________ _______factory 798
 38.推倒 ________ ________
 39.对建筑而言in _______ _______ ________architecture
 40.不同尺寸的车间 workshops _______ _______ _______
 答案：29.fill up with　30.belong to  31.set aside 32.a block of apartment　
 33.in different styles　34.go against  35.in the choice  36.stand,closer to 　
 37.a second life for　38. pull down 39.the case of 40. of different sizes
c. 句型
 41. i prefer living in a modern flat to living in a traditional house. i______ _______ live in a modern flat _______ live in a traditional house.
 42. she talked with the appearance that nothing had happened.
  ______ ______ _______ ______ nothing had happened according to her appearance when she talked.
 43. tom likes dancing. jack likes singing. tom likes dancing _______ jack likes singing.
 44.鸟巢之于鸟就像房子之于人。a nest______ ______ a bird______ a house is______ _______ .
 答案：41.would rather，than　42.it looks as if　43.while　44.is to; what; to a man.
d. 语法
 45. on arriving at the station, he found his hometown greatly __________(change).
 46. when i looked back, i saw the girl _________(get) on the tractor.
 47. tom had his leg________ (break) in the accident and is now in hospital.
 48. tom is a humorous person. yesterday he had us_______ (laugh) all the way back home.
 49. i must get the curtains________ (wash).
 答案：45.changed　46.getting　47. broken 48.laughing 49.washed
 重难聚焦
 重点单词
 要点1　impress
 【例题】 my father impressed_______ me the value of hard work.
 a. at　　　　b. with　　　　c. on　　　　d. for
 解析:impress sth. on sb. “使某人铭记某事”。
 答案:c
归纳与迁移
 (1) impress v . 给某人深刻印象；使某人钦佩而起敬impress sb. with sth./be impressed with/by
 wrote down whatever impressed me during the journey.
 记下旅行过程中使我感动的所有事物。
 he was impressed by/with the child’s sincerity.
 他被那孩子的诚挚所感动。
 使某人铭记；使某人深深意识到
 his words impressed themselves on my memory.
 他的话铭刻在我的记忆里。
 (2)名词形式是impression
 impression on sb.  对某人的印象
 his first speech made a strong impression on his audience.
 他的第一次演讲给观众留下了深刻的印象。
 impression of sth./doing/that (不清晰的)看法，感觉
 my general impression was that he is a pleasant man.
 我总的印象是他似乎很和蔼可亲。
 be under the impression that...有某种(常是错误的)想法
 i was under the impression that she was the manager.
 我以为她是经理呢。
 first impression 第一印象
 要点2　style
 【例题】 did they live______ european style when they were in japan?
 a. in   b. on   c. with    d. to
 解析:in...style “以……方式”。句意为“他们在日本是以欧洲的生活方式生活的吗？”
 答案:a
归纳与迁移
  (1) n . 风格，文风
 styles of architecture建筑的各种风格
 she is a very popular writer but i don’t like her style.
 她是位很受欢迎的作家，但是我不喜欢她的风格。
 行为方式，作风
 i can’t ask man out. it is not my style.
 我不能主动约男生出去，这不是我的风格。
 （服装等）款式；流行式样
 the latest styles in trousers
 裤子的最新式样
 70’s styles look very odd today.
 70年代流行的款式现在看起来很奇怪。
 式样，花样
 a very short hair style 很短的发型
 (2)相关短语
 in style别具风格地,时髦地;很成功地
 in...style 以……风格
 live in style 过豪华生活
 out of style 不时髦的,不时新的
 要点3　despite
 【例题】 one should remain modest_______ one’s achievements.
 a. because of     b. although
 c. despite      d. except for
 解析:句意为“就算有了成就，一个人也要保持谦虚”。because of因为；although是连词，不跟名词。despite“尽管”；except for“除了”。
 答案:c
归纳与迁移
 despite “不管，尽管，任凭”，为介词，后接名词或代词。
 despite wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letters.
 她尽管很想再见到他，却不愿给他回信。
 despite all our effort to save the school, the mayor decided to close it.
 尽管我们努力想挽救这个学校，市长还是决定关闭它。
 she went on working despite the fact that the doctor had told her to rest.
 尽管医生叫她休息，她还是继续工作。
 despite=in spite of,有时相当于regardless of。
 he does everything despite/in spite of/regardless of danger.
 他做什么事都不怕危险。
 although/though也有“虽然，尽管”之意，但它们是连词，可以接从句、形容词、过去分词、动词 ing形式和介词短语等。
 we understood him despite his strong accent/though he had a strong accent.
 尽管他口音很重我们还是能听懂。
 although ill/despite his illness, he came.
 尽管他生病了，他还是来了。
 重点短语
 要点1　belong to
 【例题】in the boot ________john hill the enemy found a short note.
 a. belonged    b. belonged to
 c. belonging    d. belonging to
 解析:此题考查动词belong的用法。belong无被动语态，作定语，应使用v. -ing形式。
 答案:d
归纳与迁移
 belong“属于”，是不及物动词，经常与介词to搭配。
 china belongs to the third world.
 中国属于第三世界。
 does this book belong to you?
 这本书是你的吗?
 she belongs to the tennis club.
 她是网球俱乐部成员。
 特别提示
 belong是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。
 短语belong to后面该接人或者某一方，不能接形容词性物主代词。
 the bicycle belongs to my. (错误)
 the bicycle belongs to me. (正确)
 when the word is out，it belongs to another.
 一言既出，驷马难追。
 要点2　pull down
 【例题】 we saw the houses in the street_______ in order to make room for a large square.
 a. pulled off     b. pulled up
 c. pulled down    d. pulled in
 解析:句意为“我们看街上的房子被拆了为了腾出空间来建一个大广场”。此题考查与pull有关的词条。pull off“脱；努力实现”；pull up“停下；阻止”；pull down“拆毁”；pull in“进站；靠岸”。
 答案:c
归纳与迁移
 pull sth. down毁坏，拆毁
 the old house is dangerous and will be pulled down.
 这个老房子很危险，将要被拆掉了。
 表示拆毁的还有tear down/knock down
 it’s time some of these old apartment blocks were torn down.
 这些旧公寓是该拆的时候。
 we knocked down one of walls to make a bigger kitchen.
 为了建个大厨房我们拆了一面墙。
 必背句型
 要点1　it looks as if...
 【例题】 (经典回放)
 —look! it looks as if it _______going to rain.　we must hurry.
 a. was  b. is   c. were   d. will be
 解析:这道题看似是对时态的考查，其实是对it looks as if...句式的考查。在表示事情发生的可能性较大时，用陈述语气。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
  (1)as if/though“就像……似的，似乎，仿佛”，用于方式状语从句和表语从句。
 当说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测时，要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，动词用过去式；表示与过去事实相反，动词用过去完成式。
 he passed the soldiers as if they didn’t exit.
 他经过那些士兵，仿佛他们都不存在。
 they talked as if they had been friends for years.
 他们谈话时好像他们已经是多年的朋友一样。
 当说话人要表达真实意思时，要用陈述语气。
 the milk smells as if it is sour.
 牛奶闻起来好像酸了。
 it seems as if you are the first one here.
 好像你是第一个来的。
 特别提示
　　as if从句的时态不受主句支配，当主、从句同时，从句用一般过去时；当主、从句同时，并正在进行，用过去进行时；从句动作发生于主句之前，用过去完成时。
 john is so strongly built that he looks as if he could lift an elephant.
 约翰强壮得好像能举起一头大象。
 he heard a noise, as if someone were breathing.
 他听见一种好像人在呼吸的声音。
 【例题】 he has never traveled in any big cities, but he talks about london as if he ______ there.
 a. has been      b. has gone
 c. had been      d. had gone
 解析:句意为“他从未去过大城市，但他谈论伦敦时就好像他去过那里了”。他没有去过伦敦所以用虚拟语气；去伦敦的动作发生在说话之前，所以用过去完成时。
 答案:d
 (2)as if 常常和look，seem，appear，taste，smell等词连用。
 it looks/seems/appears as if表示看起来好像，但是我们可以用it seems/appears that，却不能用it looks that。
 要点2　a is to b what c is to d
 【例题】 (哈师附中、东北师大附中、辽宁实验中学二模，28)reading is to tom  ________ football is to other boys.
 a. that  b. which   c. as if   d. what
 解析:此题考查句式a is to b what c is to d。
 答案:d
归纳与迁移
 a is to b what c is to d表示a对b而言正如c对d一样。这种结构往往用于比喻，意思是“犹如，好比”。
 reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
 阅读对于思想如同锻炼对于身体一般重要。
 air is to us what water is to fish.
 我们离不开空气，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。
 有时what从句也可放在句首。
 what the leaves are to the forest the children are to the world.
 儿童之于世界，就像树叶之于森林一样。