SpaceX公司巨无霸、低造价“星际飞船”可能会改变太空旅行

背景知识

SpaceX公司正在研发的“星际飞船”有许多潜在的用途和能力,将使个人和组织以前所未有的方式进入太空。

SpaceX的工程师们正在德克萨斯州博卡奇卡海滩的星际基地(Starbase)开发这种完全可重复使用的“星际飞船”发射系统。可重复使用的特性将使SpaceX能够降低太空飞行的成本,并将使人类能够长期在太空持续存在成为现实。


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SpaceX’s monstrous, dirt-cheap Starship may transform space travel

SpaceX公司巨无霸、低造价“星际飞船”可能会改变太空旅行

When it comes to size and spectacle, the peak of the Space Age passed in 1973, with the final flight of the Saturn V Rocket that had carried the Apollo astronauts to the moon. Taller than the Statue of Liberty, the Saturn V could lug 140 tonnes into orbit. Its first flight, in 1967, provoked Walter Cronkite, an American news anchor reporting far from the pad, to exclaim: “My God, our building’s shaking here!” as ceiling tiles fell around him. Half a century later, nothing as powerful has reached orbit since.

说到尺寸和奇观,太空时代的顶峰在1973年就已经过去了,那是运送阿波罗宇航员登月的土星五号火箭的最后一次飞行。土星五号比自由女神像还高,可以将140吨的东西拖入轨道。它在1967年的首次飞行引发了美国新闻主播沃尔特·克朗凯特(Walter Cronkite)的感叹:“我的上帝,我们的大楼在这里都在摇晃!”说这话的时候,他周围的天花板瓦片一直往下掉落。半个世纪之后,没有任何像这样强大的东西到达过轨道。

Not far from Boca Chica, a Texan hamlet a couple of miles from the Mexican border, SpaceX, a rocketry firm founded by Elon Musk, is developing a machine that it hopes will change that. Built from gleaming stainless steel, with its nose adorned with fins and ten metres taller than even the Saturn V, Starship looks like something from the cover of a 1950s pulp science-fiction magazine. Its planned payload of up to 150 tonnes means that five Starship flights could put more stuff into space than the rest of the world managed with 135 rocket launches in 2021. Its upper stage contains more pressurised volume than the International Space Station, which took a decade, dozens of launches and perhaps $100bn to assemble.

在离墨西哥边境几英里的德克萨斯州小村庄博卡奇卡不远的地方,埃隆·马斯克创办的火箭公司SpaceX正在开发一种机器,它希望能改变这种状况。星际飞船由闪闪发光的不锈钢制成,其头部由散热片组装而成,甚至比土星五号还要高10米,看起来就像20世纪50年代的劣质科幻杂志封面上的东西。它计划的有效载荷高达150吨,这意味着五次“星舰”飞行可以将更多的东西送入太空,比世界上其他国家在2021年发射的135次火箭还要多。它的上级包含的加压容积比国际空间站还要多,而国际空间站花了十年时间,进行了数十次发射,也许花了1000亿美元才组装完成。

But it is not just the size that matters. When a Saturn V took off to send men to the Moon, the only bit of the 2,800 tonnes of hardware which came back was a cramped five-tonne capsule with three men inside. Each new mission meant a new Saturn V. With Starship, the idea is that all the hardware will come back: the massive booster stage almost immediately, the second, orbital stage after fulfilling whatever mission it had been sent on.

但重要的不仅仅是尺寸。当土星五号起飞将人类送上月球时,2800吨的硬件中唯一回来的是一个狭窄的5吨的太空舱,里面有三个人。每一次新的任务都意味着一个新的土星五号。有了星际飞船,我们的想法是所有的硬件都会回来:巨大的助推器阶段几乎是立即回来的,第二轨道阶段在完成了它被派去的任何任务后回来。

今日单词


素材来源

文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)

作者:Unknown

原文发布时间:18 Apr. 2023


每日美句

Behind every successful man there's a lot of unsuccessful years.

每个成功者的后面都有很多不成功的岁月。

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页面更新:2024-03-20

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