BBC- 教皇去世后会发生什么? What happens when the Pope dies

Pope Francis has died at the age of 88 after 12 years as the leader of the Roman Catholic Church.

教宗方济各在担任罗马天主教会领袖 12 年后去世，享年 88 岁。

When a pope dies, a centuries-old ritual begins.

当教皇去世时，一个持续了数百年的仪式便开始了。

The first person to be informed, and the one to confirm his death, is the Camerlengo — a powerful man who manages the church and Vatican income.

第一个得到消息并确认他死亡的人是教宗侍从 —— 一个管理教会和梵蒂冈收入的权势人物。

Tradition has it, that the Camerlengo has to stand over the body of the pope and call him three times by his baptismal name.

按照传统，教宗侍从必须站在教皇的遗体旁，三次呼唤他的洗礼名。

If he does not rise, the pope is declared dead, the cardinals are informed, and the Papal Apartments are sealed off.

如果他没有回应，教皇就会被宣布死亡，红衣主教们会被告知，教皇公寓也会被封锁。

Part of the ritual is breaking pope's ring.

仪式的一部分是销毁教皇的权戒。

The ring seals the power of the pope, and breaking it signifies the end of his reign and makes sure no one can imitate him.

权戒象征着教皇的权力，销毁它意味着他统治的结束，并确保无人能冒充他。

Only then the public is informed, and nine days of mourning are declared.

只有在那个时候，公众才会被告知教皇去世，并宣布为期九天的哀悼期。

While roughly 1.4 billion Catholics all over the world might mourn their leader, soon a secret struggle for power will begin.

尽管全球约 14 亿天主教徒可能会哀悼他们的领袖，但一场秘密的权力斗争很快就会开始。

But before that, a funeral takes place.

但在此之前，会举行一场葬礼。

The funeral of Pope John Paul II in 2005 was one of the biggest funerals in history.

2005 年教皇若望保禄二世的葬礼是历史上规模最盛大的葬礼之一。

Four million people gathered to mourn the pope in the Vatican City, the little independent church state in the middle of the Italian capital, Rome.

四百万人聚集在梵蒂冈城悼念教皇，梵蒂冈城是位于意大利首都罗马中央的一个小小的独立教会国家。

Traditionally, popes are buried in three nested coffins — made of cypress, lead, and oak.

按照传统，教皇被安葬在三层嵌套的棺材里——分别由柏木、铅和橡木制成。

But Pope Francis, true to his simpler style, chose a plain wooden coffin lined with zinc.

但教皇方济各秉承他简朴的风格，选择了一个内衬锌的普通木棺。

No flashy displays.

没有华丽的陈设。

No elevated platform.

没有高台。

Just his body lying in the coffin, with the lid off, for mourners to pay their respects.

只有他的遗体躺在棺材里，棺盖打开，供哀悼者瞻仰。

And in another break from tradition, Francis is the first pope in over a century to be buried outside the Vatican — in the Basilica of St Mary Major in Rome.

此外，方济各打破了另一项传统，成为一个多世纪以来首位安葬在梵蒂冈之外——罗马圣母玛丽亚教堂的教皇。

Benedict XVI, who unusually resigned due to old age nine years before he died in 2022, was buried in the famous St Peter's Basilica, the final resting place of over 90 popes.

本笃十六世在 2022 年去世前 9 年因年事已高而辞职，他被安葬在著名的圣伯多禄大教堂，这里是 90 多位教皇的最终安息之地。

The election for a new pope — called the conclave — happens in strict secrecy inside the Sistine Chapel, two to three weeks after the pope's death.

在教皇逝世两到三周后，新教皇的选举在西斯廷教堂内严格秘密进行，称为“秘密会议”。

No phones.

禁止手机。

No media.

禁止媒体。

No outside contact.

禁止与外界联系。

Each cardinal votes for their preferred candidate on a paper ballot.

每位红衣主教在一张选票上为自己心仪的候选人投票。

And this process continues, over and over, until someone gets a two-thirds majority.

这个过程会一遍又一遍地持续进行，直到有人获得三分之二的多数票。

Election is not always easy.

选举并非总是一帆风顺。

They can take days…or even weeks.

可能需要几天……甚至几周。

Some cardinals have even died during conclaves.

甚至有些红衣主教会在教皇选举秘密会议期间去世。

The longest papal election in history was from 1268 to 1271, lasting almost three years.

历史上最长的教皇选举是从 1268 年到 1271 年，持续了近三年。

It was marred by political infighting between cardinals.

这次选举因红衣主教之间的政治内斗而蒙上污点。

Any baptised Catholic man can become the pope.

任何受洗的天主教男性都可以成为教皇。

In theory, you could just walk through the doors of the papal apartments and nominate yourself.

理论上，你可以直接走进教皇寓所的大门并提名自己。

Chances are, however, you will not get the necessary two-thirds of the vote of the cardinals, if they don't know you.

然而，如果红衣主教们不认识你，你很可能得不到必要的三分之二选票。

When Pope Francis was elected in 2013, he made history as the first South American pope.

当教宗方济各在 2013 年当选时，他创造了历史，成为首位南美洲的教皇。

But historically, the cardinals have preferred Italians.

但历史上，红衣主教们更偏爱意大利人。

A whopping 217 out of 266 popes have been from Italy.

在 266 位教皇中，有 217 位来自意大利。

So, if all this is done behind closed doors, how do we know when a decision has been made?

那么，如果这一切都是闭门进行的，我们如何知道何时做出了决定？

Simple: a smoke signal through a chimney to the outside world.

很简单：通过烟囱向外界发出烟雾信号。

Black smoke means no winner.

黑烟表示没有胜出者。

White smoke means "Habemus Papam! We have a pope!" Once the white smoke appears, it's a countdown.

白烟表示“Habemus Papam！我们有教皇了！”一旦白烟出现，就开始倒计时了。

Usually within an hour, the new pope will step out on the balcony overlooking St Peter's Square.

通常在一小时内，新教皇会走到阳台上，俯瞰圣伯多禄广场。

Senior Cardinal announces: "Habemus Papam", Latin for "we have a pope." And then, the big reveal: the pope's name.

首席红衣主教宣布：“Habemus Papam”，拉丁语意为“我们有教皇了”。然后是重头戏：宣布教皇的名字。

They don't have to keep their birth name.

他们不必保留自己的本名。

Pope Francis was born Jorge Mario Bergoglio.

教宗方济各出生时的名字是豪尔赫·马里奥·贝尔格里奥。

He chose "Francis" to honour St Francis of Assisi.

他选择“方济各”是为了纪念阿西西的圣方济各。

The death of a pope isn't just the end of a life.

教皇的去世不仅仅是一个生命的终结。

It's the beginning of an ancient, secretive process that will shape the future of the Catholic Church.

它是一个古老而神秘的过程的开始，这个过程将决定天主教会的未来。

And as the world watches, the white smoke will rise again.

在全世界的注视下，白烟将再次升起。