高考英语语法摘抄

　　高考英语语法精要讲解二十四：过去完成时

　　1、过去发生的两个动作，先发生的用过去完成时

　　With their help I realized that I had been wrong.

　　2、过去某时以前发生的动作或情况

　　He hasn’t finished yet.

　　He didn’t finish yesterday evening.

　　He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening.

　　3、常用过去完成时的.情况

　　①No sooner…than…. Hardly…when…

　　No sooner had he begun his speech than he was interrupted

　　②expect, hope, think, want, suppose等动词的过去完成时（或一般时）表示想做而未做的事

　　I had planned to send him a telegram, but I didn’t manage it.

　　4、使用过去完成时的必要性和非必要性

　　①句意十分清楚时，可用一般时

　　After I finished, I went home.

　　②常用一般过去时表示依次发生的动作

　　I got out of the taxi, paid the fare（车费) and managed it.

　　③有时必须明确，特别是含when时

　　When I arrived, Ann left.

　　(同时见到）（见到Ann)

　　When I arrived, Ann had left.

　　（先后发生）（没见到）

　　5、常用过去完成时的时间主状语

　　by the end of +过去时间 ； by + 过去时间

　　by the time + 过去时间；过去时间 + before

　　比较：

　　By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words .

　　By the time he is 11, he will have learned 3000 words.

　　By the time last week, I had learned 3000 words.

　　By the time next week, I will have learned 3000 words