科技英语的翻译技巧

科技英语的翻译技巧 　科技英语的特点主要是术语繁陈、论证严密，翻译时要特别注意逻辑是否严谨、术语是否准确、表达是否简练明确。

一、将介词宾语译成主语

Our refrigerator is light in wEight，portable in size and low in power consumption.

我们生产的冰箱重量轻、体积小、耗电少。

A motor is similar to a generator in construction. 电动机的结构与发电机类似。

二、将动词have的宾语译成主语

Levers have little friction to overcome. 杠杆要克服的摩擦力很小。

Evidently semiconductors have a lesser conducting capacity than metals.

半导体的导电能力显然比金属差。

三、将其他动词的宾语译成主语

Light beams can carry more information than radio signals.

光束运载的信息比无线电信号运载的信息多。

Hot-set systems produce higher strengths and age better than cold-set systems.

热固系统比冷固系统的强度高，而且老化情况也比较好。

四、将主语译成定语

1.当形容词译成名词，并译作主语时，而将原来的主语译成定语。

The oxygen atom is nearly 16 times as heavy as the hydrogen. 氧原子的重量几乎是氢的16倍。

Medium carbon steel is much stronger than low carbon steel. 中碳钢的强度比低碳钢大得多。

2.当动词译成名词，并译作主语时，将原来主语已成定语。

The earth acts like a big magnet. 地球的作用像一块大磁铁。

A cathode ray tube is shaped like a large bell. 阴极射线管的形状像个大铃铛。

Mercury weighs about 13 times as much as water. 水银的重量约为水的13倍。

五、将定语译成谓语

1.动词宾语的定语译成谓语

Water has a greater heat capacity than sand. 水的热容比沙大。

Copper and tin have a low ability of combining with oxygen. 铜和锡的氧化能力低。

2.介词宾语的定语译成谓语

Gear pumps operate on the very simple principle. 齿轮泵的工作原理很简单。

Nylon is produced by much the same process as rayon. 尼龙的生产过程与人造丝大体相同。

六、译成汉语主谓结构中的谓语

将名词前的形容词，即名词的定语与该名词颠倒翻译，一起译成汉语的主谓结构，在句中充当一个成分。

Among the advantages of numerical control are more flexibility，higher accuracy，quicker changes and fewer machines down time.

数控的优点中有适应性强、精度高、换刀快、及非加工时间短。

These pumps are featured by their simple operation，easy maintenance，low oil consumption and durable service. 這些水泵的特点是操作简便、维修容易、耗油量少、经久耐用。

当然，科技英语中有很多专业术语，很多词在特定领域有特殊含义和约定俗成的翻译方法。作为一名科技英语翻译，只有具备多方面的知识素养，灵活运用上述技巧，才能兼顾译文的可读性和精确性。