高考语法专题：代词

                                       考纲新研读

代词辨析是考查的重点。类例：
1. none, neither, both, each
2. neither, some, all, both
3. other’s, the other, another, other
4. any other, the other, another, other
5. something, anything, everything, nothing
6. us, it, itself, ourselves
7. both of them, either of them, none of them, neither of them
8. which, what, that, the one
9. none, no one, every one, some one
10. little, much, some, none
1.人称代词：主格作主语，宾格作宾语、表语。
2.物主代词：
3.反身代词：
4.指示代词
   主要有:this, that, these, those, such, same,作主语、宾语、表语、
    定语：
    that和those可代替前面提到的名词(特指)；泛指用one和ones
    (可数)。
    the cost of my car is higher than that of yours.
    these machines are better than those we made last year.
5.不定代词(是学习的重点)
   (1)both两者都……；either两者中哪个都……；neither两者中哪
   个都不……。三个词都指“两者”：
    both of you are right.
    you may take either road.  
    either you are mad, or i am.
(2)all 三者以上，或用作不可数：
    all that can be done has been done.
部分否定：
    not all ants go out for food.=all ants don’t go out for food.
    =some ants don’t go out for food.
    并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去找食物。
    both are not correct.
    并不是两个都对。(有一个不对)
全部否定：
三者以上用none of...；两者用neither of...；none与of连用；no one可单独用。
    —how many pens do you have？
    —none.
(3)no = not any,“没有”；every,“每一个”，与all同义，只能做定
    语；each与every不同，是把东西一个个考虑。
(4)some和any
    some 用于肯定句,any用于否定、疑问和条件句中。但有些疑  
   问句表示请求、建议、邀请、预料或鼓励对方做出肯定答复时，
    用some：
    would you like some beer？
    will you kindly give me some paper？
(5)many和much
    主要用于疑问句和否定句，肯定句多用a lot of；many修饰可
    数名词；much修饰不可数名词。
    do you have many friends there？
    do they take much interest in it？
    much 用作副词修饰比较级，“……得多”：
    i feel much better now.
(6)another,other,the other, the others, others
   another(三个以上)“任何一个”，“另一个”：
   i don’t like this book. please show me another (one).
   we waited for her for another two weeks.
   other“另外的”，“别的”，只能做定语：
   there are other books on his subject.
   the other(两者中)“另一个”:one...,the other...指两者；   
   one...another...指三者以上
   others(泛指)另外的人和物;the others其余全部：
   some students are cleaning the windows and others are
   carrying water.
   some of the children are singing and the others are dancing.
   we need five other (more) chairs.
   i’ll take this one；you may take the other.
                                      高考新剖析
1. —wow! you’ve got so many clothes.
     —but  __________of them are in fashion now.
   ［XX年高考上海卷］
    a. all   b. both    c. neither  d. none
2. over the past 20 years, the internet helped change our world
     in__________ way or another for the better.
     ［XX年高考重庆卷］
    a. any  b. one    c. every  d. either
3. being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a
    child with special needs often carries with __________ extra
     stress.［XX年高考北京卷］
    a. it   b. them    c. one   d. him
4. one of the most important questions they had to consider was
     __________ of public health.［XX年高考全国卷ⅰ］
    a. what  b. this    c. that   d. which
d
b
a
c
5. nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in
    their approach to educating their children compared with
    __________ of their parents.［XX年高考江苏卷］
   a. those  b. one    c. both   d. that
 6. —do you want tea or coffee?
     —__________.i really don’t mind. ［XX年高考上海卷］
    a. none  b. neither   c. either  d. all
 7. __________wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.  
  ［XX年高考浙江卷］
   a. anyone  b. the one   c. whoever  d. who
 8. the two girls are getting on very well and share __________
    with each other.［XX年高考安徽卷］
    a. little  b. much   c. some  d. none
 9. it was hard for him to learn english in a family, in which
     __________ of the parents spoke the language.
   ［XX年高考北京卷］
    a. none  b. neither   c. both  d. each
d
c
c
b
b
10. to know more about the british museum, you can use the
   internet or go to the library, or__________.［XX年高考天津卷］
   a. neither  b. some   c. all   d. both
                                   精题新探究
 1. —have you got a digital camera?
    —no.
    —you should buy__________ .
   a. one   b. it   c. that   d. this
 2.  __________else who is interested in going on the trip should see
     me at the end of this lesson.
    a. somebody   b. anyone        c. someone         d. nobody
 3. —i can’t believe he’s fifty. he looks so young.
     —__________neither.
    a. me  b. i    c. he   d. him
 4. —jerry, is that your car?
    —no, __________is parked over the road.
    a. my  b. mine   c. it    d. its
d
a
b
a
b
5. here’s some money. get yourself a sandwich or__________ .
     a. everything       b. something        c. anything        d. nothing
 6. these facts are unimportant in__________, but if you put them
     together, they may mean.
     a. it   b. them    c. itself  d. themselves
 7. on two occasions she was accused of stealing money from the
    company, but in __________case was there any evidence to
    support his claims.
    a. neither  b. either   c. both   d. none
 8. we’re out of milk. could you bring __________home from the
    store?
   a. any  b. some    c. it   d. them
 9. __________i need is a roof over my head and a delicious meal.
    a. that  b. which   c. all   d. whatever
 10. after__________ consideration we have finally arrived at a
       decision.
       a. few  b. little   c. many  d. a little
b
d
a
b
c
d
11. —is there any more soup, mum?
    —no, i’m afraid there isn’t__________ .
    a. some  b. none   c. any   d. many
12. it’s either spanish or portuguese that she speaks, but i’ve
     forgotten__________.
    a. which  b. who    c. whom   d. what
13. to our disappointment, we’ll have to wait__________ three
     weeks for the results.
     a. other  b. another   c. more  d. each
14. we always keep__________ spare paper, in case we run out.
    a. too much    b. a number of
    c. plenty of    d. a good many
15. i’d appreciate__________ if you would like to teach me how to
      use the computer.
      a. that  b. it    c. this   d. you
c
a
b
c
b