period2 learningaboutlanguage
thegeneralideaofthisperiod
inthisperiodthestudentsaretodosomeexercisesontheusefulwords,expressionsandstructureslearnedinthereadingpart.itistohelpthemusetheusefulwordsandexpressionsfromthecontext.theyarealsotolearnsomethingaboutwordformation,whichwillhelpthemtorememberenglishwordssothattheywillenlargetheirvocabulary.toachievetheaboveaims,theteachercanhelpthestudentstolearnautonomouslyandcooperatively.thatis,theteacherwillgetthestudentstoworkontheexercisesinpiduallyfirstandthenchecktheanswerstogetherwiththeirpartners.whiledealingwithwordformation,theteacherwillhelpthestudentsdoitasatask.thatis,theteacherwillfirstaskthestudentstoreadsomewordsandsentencesfromthetextinwhichsomecompoundwords,derivativesareused,thenaskthemtodiscoverhowthesewordsareformed,summarizetherulesandwriteasmanywordsaspossibleaccordingtherulesingroups.
teachingimportantanddifficultpoints
howtograspandapplytheknowledgeofwordformationtoenlargevocabulary.
howtogaintheabilitytousethekeywordsandexpressionsfromthecontext.
teaching&learningmethods
autonomouslearning,cooperativelearning,task-basedlearning.
teachingaids
amulti-mediacomputerandablackboard.
threedimensionalteachingaims
knowledgeandskills
helpthestudentslearntousetheusefulwordsandexpressionsfromthecontext.
helpthestudentslearnsomethingaboutwordformation.
processandstrategies
getthestudentstosumupthegrammaticalrulesinwordformation.
helpthemstudyautonomouslyandcooperatively.
feelingsandvalue
throughthestudyofthisperiodtheymayhavegraspedaneffectivewayinmemorizingnewwords—wordformation.meanwhile,theirabilityofautonomouslearningwillbeimprovedtoacertainextent.
teachingprocedures
step1revision
t:inthelastperiod,westudiedapassageaboutdifferentthemeparksintheworld.andiaskedyoutowriteasummaryusingthekeywords.nowpleaselookatthescreenandreadoutyoursummaryofthepassagewiththekeywordsinpidually.i’msureallofyoucandoitwell.
summary:
parksprovidepeoplewithaplacetoamusethemselvesandtoescapetheirbusylifeforawhile.inrecentdecades,however,manyparkshavebeendesignedtoprovideentertainment.wecallthemthemeparks.thenewparksareusuallyhugeplacesandhaveavarietyofthingstoseeanddo.themeparkshaveacertainidea—acertaintheme—thatthewholeparkisbasedon.forexample,asportthemeparkwilloffervisitorssportstoplayorwatch;ahistoryorculturethemeparkwillletusseehowourancestorsdressed,workedandlived.theoldestthemeparkintheworldisdisneyland.itseemedlikeaplaceoffantasy.besidesthese,wehavethemarineoroceanparks,thesciencethemeparksandsoontoletusenjoytotallydifferentexperiencefromtherealworld.
step2discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions
t:fromthereadingpassage,wecanfindsomeusefulwordsandexpressions.sonowi’dlikeyoutodoex.1andex.2onpage35,ex.3andex.4onpage36inpiduallyfirstandthencheckyouranswerswithyourpartnerstoseeifyoucanusetheminthegivencontext.
suggestedanswers:
exercise1:
alternativeexpression wordsandexpressionfromthetext
amainsubjectoridea theme
setofthingsneededforanactivity equipment
shoesusedforsportsandoutdooractivity sneakers
peoplegoingtoliveinanewareawithsmallpopulation settlers
unlimitedimagination fantasy
acarefultesttotryoutanidea experiment
asmallnumberorpart;lessthanhalf minority
becomereal;becomealive cometolife
exercise2:
sneakers,fantasy,theme,experiment,equipment,settlers,cametolife,minority
exercise3:
1.amused 2.various 3.charged 4.admission 5.profits 6.souvenir
exercise4:
1.whenigotclosetothetiger.ifeltverynervousandexcited.
2.asigotclosertohim,hemovedfurtherandfurtherawayfromme.
3.whoareyoucloserto,yourauntoryouruncle?why?
i’mclosertomyauntbecausesheandibothlikeshoppingforclothes.
4.themapshowedmethatchinaisclosertojapanthanengland.
5.m ybrotherisgettingclosereveryyeartobecomingtheleaderofhiscompany.
step3discoveringusefulstructures
t:boysandgirls,haveyoufinishedcheckingyouranswers?ifso,let’scometothenextpart—discoveringusefulstructures.firstreadthefollowingsentencesfromthereadingpassage,payattentiontotheunderlinedwordsandseewhatyoucanfindfromthesewords.ofcourseyoucanhaveadiscussion.
1.theyaremorethanamusementparkswithrides,suchasaferriswheel,merry-go-roundorarollercoaster.
2.theyallchargemoneyforadmission.
thebigcompaniesthatownthemeparksexpecttomakeaprofitnotjustbythechargesforadmission,butalsobysellingsouvenirsintheirshopsandadvertisingthemontelevision.
3.sobasketballandfootballmaybesoldalongwithsneakersandspecialsportsclothing.
s:letmetry.fromthesewords,wecanseethatsomewordsaremadeupoftwowordsormore;somewordscannotonlybeusedasverbs,butalsoasnouns,andsomewordsareformedbyaddingprefixorsuffix.
t:youreallyhavegoodobservation!asyoucanseetwowordsormorecanmakeuponewordandsomearewordsjoinedbyahyphenortwo,wecallthesewordscompoundwords.somewordscanbeusedbothasverbsandnouns.thisisanotherwayhowwordsareused,wecallitconversion.ifsome wordsareformedbyaddingprefixorsuffix,wecallthismethodderivation.wehavelearnedmanycompoundwords,derivativesandthosewordswhichcanbeusedasdifferentpartsofspeech.graspingthesewillhelpyourememberwordseasilyandenlargeyourvocabulary.sonowi’dlikeyoutoworkintengroupstorecallandwriteasmanysuchwordsaspossibleaccordingtotheexamples.youcanrefertowordformationonpage92.
(theteacherhandsoutsheetstoeachgroup)
taskforgroup1
examplesofcompoundwords:
1.合成名词
名词 名词构成复合名词
weekend airconditioner bloodpressure
形容词 名词构成复合名词
solarsystem fastfood humanbeing
动词的-ing形式 另一词构成复合名词
fryingpan washingmachine drivinglicense
用其他方式构成的复合名词
get-together outbreak typewriter
taskforgroup2
2.合成形容词
名词 形容词构成的复合形容词
snow-white world-wide
形 容词 过去分词或带-ed结尾的词构成复合形容词
absent-minded duty-bound grey-haired
用动词的-ing形式 另一词构成的复合形容词
far-reaching close-fitting long-suffering
用其他方式构成的复合形容词
five-storeyed well-known worn-out
taskforgroup3
3.合成动词
white-wash safe-guard half-understand
4.合成副词
however beforehand forever
5.合成代词
1)代词宾格或物主代词+self(selves)
himself herself ourselves
2)某些不定代词some,any,no,every+body(one,thing)
someone anybody nobody
taskforgroup4
examplesofderivatives
1.前缀
dis-否定 disable discourage distrust
in-不,非 incorrect incomplete informal
im-不,非 impossible impatient immoral
un-不 unable unfair unlimited
non-不,非 non-stop
taskforgroup5
mis-误 misunderstand
re-重,再 rewrite reconsider reuse
en-使成为 enable
multi-多 multicultural
tele-远 telephone
kilo-千 kilometer
taskforgroup6
2.后缀
名词后缀
-an american
-tion/ation collection liberation translation
-dom freedom
-er farmer
-or visitor
-ese chinese
-ess waitress
-ful handful
taskforgroup7
-ian musician
-ing feeling
-ism materialism
-ist pianist
-ment amusement
-ness happiness
-ship friendship
-th truth
taskforgroup8
形容词后缀
-able acceptable eatable suitable
-al national
-an russian
-en golden
-ern northern
-ese chinese
taskforgroup9
-ful hopeful
-is h childish
-ive creative
-less homeless
-y thirsty
-ward backward
taskforgroup10
动词后缀
-fy/-ify beautify
-en widen
-ize/-ise apologize/-ise
副词后缀
-ly badly
-ward(s) backward(s)
数词后缀
-teen fourteen
-ty sixty
t:timeisup.let’sshowandshareyourwork.
t:marvelous!you’vewrittensomanywords.i ’vesummarizedmostofthecompoundwordsandderivativeswehavelearnedsofarforyourreference.youcancopythemifyoulikeafterclass.butyoushouldpaymuchattentionanddon’ttakeitforgrantedhowacertainwordisformed.forexample,youcanputprefix“in-”beforetheword“correct”toformthenewword“incorrect”withtheoppositemeaning,whileyoushouldputprefix“im-”beforetheword“possible”toformthenewword“impossible”withtheoppositemeaning.
step4homework
t:inthisperiodwehavelearnedhowtousethekeywordsandexpressionsinthegivencontextbydoingsomeexercises,andwehavelearnedmuchaboutwordformation,whichwillhelpusalotinmemorizingneww ordsandenlargingourvocabulary.youarereallyworkinghardtoday.nowhomeworkforyoutoday.
1.doexercises1-2onpage70;exercises1-3onpage71andpage72.
2.previewreadingandspeakingonpage38,andreadingtaskonpage73.
thedesignofthewritingontheblackboard
unit5 themeparks
period2 learningaboutlanguage
wordformation
1.compounding
2.derivation
3.conversion
recordafterteaching
activitiesandresearch
toenhancethestudents’knowledgeaboutwordformation,theteachermaycarryoutacompetitioninwhichthestudentsareencouragedtochoosesomevocabularyfromthedictionaryandanalyzetheirprefixesandsuffixesandfurthersumupthemeaningsoftheprefixesandsuffixeslisted.thegroupwhogetthemostwillbethewinner.
referenceforteaching
grammar
wordformation 构词法
按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫做构词法。英语构词法主要有合成法(c ompounding)、转换法(conversion)和派生法(derivation)三种。
一、合成法(compounding)
有两个或更多的词合成一个词。合成词的构成大致有以下几种情况:
1.合成名词
名词 名词构成复合名词
weekend airconditioner bloodpressure
fancydress incometax signlanguage
creditcard letter-box x-ray
spaceship fantasyland cowboy
newspaper snowstorm nightfall
ice-cream busstop birth-control
safetybelt earthquake bookcase
landslide heartbeat feedback
flowershop classroom football
watermelon
形容词 名词构成复合名词
solarsystem fastfood humanbeing
centralbank highereducation remotecontrol
shorthand madman gentleman
blackboard green-house highway
mobilephone
动词的-ing形式 另一词构成复合名词
fryingpan washingmachine drivinglicense
flying-fish workingpeople handwriting
dataprocessing sight-seeing readingroom
sun-bathing window-shopping
用其他方式构成的复合名词
get-together outbreak typewriter
overcoat daybreak pain-killer
by-product passer-by editor-in-chief
comrade-in-arms long-termplan air-trafficcontrol
bride-to-be good-for-nothing quick-servicecounter
father-in-law
2.合成形容词
名词 形容词构成的复合形容词
snow-white colour-blind world-wide
seasick
形容词+过去分词或带-ed结尾的词构成复合形容词
absent-minded duty-bound grey-haired
clean-shaven long-haired good-tempered
blue-eyed kind-hearted open-minded
用动词的-ing形式 另一词构成的复合形容词
far-reaching close-fitting long-suffering
well-meaning english-speaking hard-working
good-looking easy-going mouth-watering
world-shaking man-eating
用其他方式构成的复合形容词
five-storeyed well-known worn-out
up-to-date see-through face-to-face
hand-made man-made snow-covered
well-informed first-rate second-hand
five-year(plan) ever-green red-hot
better-sweet
3.合成动词
white-wash safe-guard half-understand
overeat baby-sit overthrow
sleep-walk
4.合成副词
however beforehand forever
sometimes meanwhile alongside
somewhere wherever everywhere
nearby
5.合成代词
1)代词宾格或物主代词 self(selves)
himself herself ourselves
2)某些不定代词some,any,no,every body(one,thing)
someone anybody nobody
everybody something anything
nothing everything
二、派生法( derivation)
在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀,变成一个新词,这种构词法叫派生法,词缀 有前缀和后缀两种。除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,不改变词性;后缀一般改变此类,而不引起词义的变化。
1.前缀
dis-否定 disable discourage distrust
disagree disappear discover
dislike disadvantage
in-不,非 incorrect incomplete informal
inactive indefinite indirect
im-不,非 impossible impatient immoral
imperfect improper
un-不 unable unfair unlimited
unwilling unusual unsuitable
unacceptable uncertain uncomfortable
uncommon unequal unfit
unfamiliar unfortunate unfriendly
unhappy unhealthy unkind
unknown unnecessary unpopular
unreal untrue uncover
undress untie
non-不,非 non-stop non-smoker
mis-误 misunderstand mislead misbehave
re-重,再 rewrite reconsider reuse
recycle recall rebuild
renew replay retell
en-使成为 enable enrich endanger
enlarge
multi-多 multicultural multichannel multipurpose
tele-远 telephone television
kilo-千 kilometer kilogram
2.后缀
名词后缀
-an american australian italian
african asian
-tion/ation collection liberation translation
pronunciation competition repetition
determination preparation imagination
satisfaction attention revolution
-dom freedom wisdom kingdom
-er farmer villager fighter
worker writer thinker
-or visitor actor editor
-ese chinese japanese
-ess waitress hostess actress
princess goddess
-ful handful armful mouthful
-ian musician asian mathematician
physician technician
-ing feeling shipping building
-ism materialism socialism communism
-ist pianist socialist artist
specialist
-ment amusement entertainment equipment
excitement agreement movement
development judgement encouragement
-n ess happiness illness selfishness
kindness carefulness business
-ship friendship membership relationship
citizenship hardship
-th truth warmth width
growth depth length
death
形容词后缀
-able acceptable eatable suitable
unforgettable favourable agreeable
imaginable chargeable profitable
moveable changeable countable
survivable avoidable
-al national natural
-an russian american african
-en golden wooden woolen
-ern northern eastern southern
western
-ese chinese japanese
-ful hopeful forgetful careful
beautiful powerful useful
-ish childish foolish selfish
-ive creative effective active
protective collective
-less homeless harmless fearless
careless useless hopeless
meaningless
-y thirsty stormy rainy
noisy windy cloudy
-ward backward eastward downward
动词后缀
-fy/-ify beautify simplify classify
-en widen shorten lengthen
deepen strengthen heighthen
-ize/-ise apologize/-ise realize/-ise modernize/-ise
副词后缀
-ly badly happily friendly
-ward(s) backward(s) eastward(s) downward(s)
forward(s) upward(s)
数词后缀
-teen fourteen fifteen
-ty sixty ninety certainty
三、转化法(conversion)
英语中,有的名词可以作 动词,有的形 容词可作副词或动词,这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫转化法。
1.动词转化为名词
很多动词可以转化为名词,大多意思没有多大的变化;有时意思有一定变化;有的与一个动词 和不定冠词构成短语,表示一个动作。如:
let’sgooutforawalk.
heisamanofstrongbuild.
let’shaveaswim.
themeparkscharge(v.)moneyforadmission.
themeparksexpecttomakeaprofitbythecharges(n.)foradmission.
2.名词转化为动词
很多表示物件、身体部位、某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作,某些抽象名词也可以作动词。如:
didyoubookaseatontheplane?
pleasehandmethedictionary.
shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.
welunchedtogetheryesterday.
3.形容词转化为动词
有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如:
wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingconditions.
shecleansherroomeveryday.
4.副词转化为动词
有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如:
murderwillout. (谚语)恶事终将败露。
thearmydownedaplane.
页面更新:2024-04-25
本站资料均由网友自行发布提供,仅用于学习交流。如有版权问题,请与我联系,QQ:4156828
© CopyRight 2008-2024 All Rights Reserved. Powered By bs178.com 闽ICP备11008920号-3
闽公网安备35020302034844号